Medical

In humans, Permethrin (Generic Acticin) is effective against adult lice and their nits. It is considered to be better tolerated than natural pyrethrum extracts or lindane-containing products.

Permethrin cream is also approved as a remedy for the itch (scabies). Here it is considered more effective and better tolerated drug.

Mode of action

Insects take to permethrin cream over the body surface, it is then distributed throughout the insect body. It is a neurotoxin and causes that are no longer close the Na + channels of nerve cells. Na + ions flow freely into the interior of the cell and leads to uncontrollable nerve impulses. This initially leads to excitation of states with convulsions, incoordination and then ultimately to paralysis. The insect is unable to move within a few minutes, it is called a "knock-down" effect. The death occurs only after some time. With insufficient dose, many of the affected permethrin insect enzymes detoxify and recover. By addition of synergists such as piperonyl butoxide, the enzymatic degradation is prevented.

Toxicology

Warmbloods for permethrin 5% has a low acute toxicity, the LD50 in the rat over 4 g / kg body weight (oral). It is rapidly degraded in the body by hydrolysis. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has classified permethrin as a possible carcinogen. In animal experiments, the substance had no adverse effect on pregnancy outcome, and did not cause malformations in the offspring. The contact with the substance can lead people to itching, hair loss and allergies.

Environmental Effects

Permethrin in the environment is mainly decomposed by sunlight. In soil, binds to clay minerals and humic components, its half-life is here about 30 days. On the surfaces of plants, the half-life approximately 10 days. For birds, permethrin is only slightly toxic to fish, however it is highly toxic. In laboratory experiments Permethrin is highly toxic to bees. In the field, avoid the bees, the record if it can even repulsive to them (ie repellent) works.

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